Symptoms of irritability and anger during a major depressive episode
(MDE) appear to be clinical markers for a significantly more complex,
chronic, and severe form of major depressive disorder, a new study
indicates.
Results from the longitudinal observational investigation of patients
with unipolar MDEs showed that those with current overt
irritability/anger were significantly more likely to have increased
depressive severity, longer duration of the index MDE, poorer impulse
control, and a more chronic and severe long-term course of illness.
Overt irritability and anger were also associated with higher rates of lifetime co-morbid substance abuse and anxiety disorder, more antisocial and personality disorders, greater psychosocial impairment, reduced life satisfaction, and a higher rate of bipolar II disorder in relatives.
The study findings strongly suggest that "concurrent anger/irritability symptoms are important indicators of increased severity, chronicity, and complexity of unipolar major depression," the authors, led by Lewis L. Judd, MD, University of California, San Diego, write.
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Overt irritability and anger were also associated with higher rates of lifetime co-morbid substance abuse and anxiety disorder, more antisocial and personality disorders, greater psychosocial impairment, reduced life satisfaction, and a higher rate of bipolar II disorder in relatives.
The study findings strongly suggest that "concurrent anger/irritability symptoms are important indicators of increased severity, chronicity, and complexity of unipolar major depression," the authors, led by Lewis L. Judd, MD, University of California, San Diego, write.
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