Background
Childhood
trauma, cannabis use and certain personality traits have been related
to the development of psychosis. This study uses a sib-pair design to
examine the association between childhood trauma and psychosis
controlling for cannabis use and neuroticism.
Methods
We
evaluated 60 patient-sibling pairs, conformed by patients with
functional psychosis in the first five years of their illness matched
with a non-psychotic sibling. In univariate analyses, patients and
siblings were compared with McNemar tests and paired-sample t tests. A
conditional logistic regression model of the risk of developing
psychosis was built. The dependent variable of this model was the
patient-sibling status (patient = 1, sibling = 0).
Results
After
controlling for cannabis use and neuroticism, the odds of suffering
psychosis for subjects who experienced a childhood trauma were 7.3 times
higher than the odds for subjects who did not experience a childhood
trauma [95% CI, (1.06–50.01); P = 0.04]. Also, after controlling for
experiencing childhood trauma and neuroticism, subjects who were heavy
cannabis users had odds of suffering psychosis that were 6.4 times
higher than the odds of the remaining subjects [95% CI, (1.2–35.2);
P = 0.03].
Conclusion
Both
childhood trauma and cannabis use were significantly associated with an
increased risk of suffering functional psychosis. A neurotic
personality also contributed independently to this risk. These findings
might help improve the prevention of psychosis and the development of
specific treatment strategies on this specific population.
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